[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"sanity-joOXjPJM9YDFWZoTjQ7LFcF4DC1VskOnEY1dyE7H_nU":3},{"data":4,"sourceMap":-1},{"_createdAt":5,"_type":6,"_updatedAt":7,"gallery":8,"metadata":9,"sections":16},"2026-11-05T10:29:48Z","page.article","2026-11-05T12:39:14Z",null,{"agents":8,"description":10,"image":8,"keywords":11,"sitedescription":12,"sitename":13,"slug":14,"title":15},"Article about urban climate refuges. What they are, their benefits, how to build a climate shelter, and Floema products that can be incorporated into its construction.","climate refuges, green public spaces, urban furniture","Descripción de Floema","Site Floema","climate-refuges-urban-oases","Climate refuges - urban oases",[17,34],{"_type":18,"category":19,"date":22,"figure":23,"readTime":33,"title":15},"articleHeader",{"name":20,"slug":21},"Educational","educational","2026-11-05",{"mediaAsset":24},[25],{"alt":26,"extension":27,"height":28,"hotspot":8,"type":29,"uid":30,"url":31,"width":32},"Urban climate shelters","png",941,"image","9a6bb9839ba0","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.sanity.io\u002Fimages\u002F535lnz3g\u002Fproduction\u002Fe4fa15938fbdedb26dbbddd463b2fc2d26b9adda-1671x941.png",1671,4,{"_type":35,"content":36,"readingTime":33,"type":6},"articleContent",[37,48,57,65,73,81,88,97,105,113,123,131,139,147,155,163,171,178,186,194,202,210,218,226,234,243,251,259,267,275,283,291,299,306,314],{"_key":38,"_type":39,"children":40,"markDefs":46,"style":47},"029158b4cbca","block",[41],{"_key":42,"_type":43,"marks":44,"text":45},"6da6190d5f91","span",[],"Heatwaves are becoming more frequent and are now part of everyday city life. In concrete deserts, limited shade and few green spaces make days of extreme heat harder to bear.",[],"h4",{"_key":49,"_type":39,"children":50,"markDefs":55,"style":56},"692e2f318b78",[51],{"_key":52,"_type":43,"marks":53,"text":54},"c611de0c14f1",[],"",[],"normal",{"_key":58,"_type":39,"children":59,"markDefs":64,"style":56},"9b4b1a8d7282",[60],{"_key":61,"_type":43,"marks":62,"text":63},"e4e40539bc1e",[],"What if, on the hottest days, the city could also offer a place to breathe?",[],{"_key":66,"_type":39,"children":67,"markDefs":72,"style":56},"63e78c848544",[68],{"_key":69,"_type":43,"marks":70,"text":71},"6bb035828e9d",[],"Green corridors alone are no longer enough. Cities need to find new ways to protect their residents.",[],{"_key":74,"_type":39,"children":75,"markDefs":80,"style":56},"0280c99387c8",[76],{"_key":77,"_type":43,"marks":78,"text":79},"0a6a6d84852d",[],"Climate refuges respond to this need. These indoor and outdoor spaces are designed to provide thermal comfort, rest and protection during periods of extreme temperatures.",[],{"_key":82,"_type":39,"children":83,"markDefs":87,"style":56},"dc7f8e4b92e9",[84],{"_key":85,"_type":43,"marks":86,"text":54},"3eee8becefcc",[],[],{"_key":89,"_type":39,"children":90,"markDefs":95,"style":96},"63944cbae56f",[91],{"_key":92,"_type":43,"marks":93,"text":94},"537f143bdc0d",[],"But what are climate refuges?",[],"h3",{"_key":98,"_type":39,"children":99,"markDefs":104,"style":56},"5d7505cb79c9",[100],{"_key":101,"_type":43,"marks":102,"text":103},"a2de1ebeb458",[],"This infrastructure can include indoor spaces, such as libraries and air-conditioned public facilities, or outdoor spaces, such as parks, gardens and squares with shade and access to water.",[],{"_key":106,"_type":39,"children":107,"markDefs":112,"style":56},"abfad3c9869d",[108],{"_key":109,"_type":43,"marks":110,"text":111},"da0d2713c20d",[],"Regardless of their configuration, they must meet certain requirements:",[],{"_key":114,"_type":39,"children":115,"level":120,"listItem":121,"markDefs":122,"style":56},"d5e19cd33d26",[116],{"_key":117,"_type":43,"marks":118,"text":119},"622f57087a3c",[],"they must be free of charge;",1,"bullet",[],{"_key":124,"_type":39,"children":125,"level":120,"listItem":121,"markDefs":130,"style":56},"83f36e566688",[126],{"_key":127,"_type":43,"marks":128,"text":129},"494733e7f4f6",[],"must be accessible and ready to welcome people of all ages and abilities;",[],{"_key":132,"_type":39,"children":133,"level":120,"listItem":121,"markDefs":138,"style":56},"8dbc06314b26",[134],{"_key":135,"_type":43,"marks":136,"text":137},"8fe09dc08b5d",[],"have access to safe drinking water;",[],{"_key":140,"_type":39,"children":141,"level":120,"listItem":121,"markDefs":146,"style":56},"db63b22b9146",[142],{"_key":143,"_type":43,"marks":144,"text":145},"998985708a0d",[],"provide rest areas;",[],{"_key":148,"_type":39,"children":149,"level":120,"listItem":121,"markDefs":154,"style":56},"35b3e30de7a2",[150],{"_key":151,"_type":43,"marks":152,"text":153},"326b0c90e4ec",[],"have sanitary facilities;",[],{"_key":156,"_type":39,"children":157,"level":120,"listItem":121,"markDefs":162,"style":56},"d9c1c91303e1",[158],{"_key":159,"_type":43,"marks":160,"text":161},"a8850cab6528",[],"extended opening hours;",[],{"_key":164,"_type":39,"children":165,"markDefs":170,"style":56},"dbdcae58c6e4",[166],{"_key":167,"_type":43,"marks":168,"text":169},"4757d20bc86f",[],"In short, these spaces should offer protection and encourage people to come together.",[],{"_key":172,"_type":39,"children":173,"markDefs":177,"style":56},"c1759a9387e0",[174],{"_key":175,"_type":43,"marks":176,"text":54},"acfc35fad988",[],[],{"_key":179,"_type":39,"children":180,"markDefs":185,"style":96},"d3da7e6f3ee9",[181],{"_key":182,"_type":43,"marks":183,"text":184},"3f713fc7c195",[],"Why are climate refuges essential?",[],{"_key":187,"_type":39,"children":188,"markDefs":193,"style":56},"af84bdc345f1",[189],{"_key":190,"_type":43,"marks":191,"text":192},"42813a32cf58",[],"This is about more than comfort. Climate shelters protect public health, make cities more resilient, promote inclusion, and bring communities together.",[],{"_key":195,"_type":39,"children":196,"markDefs":201,"style":56},"2711b5d9c219",[197],{"_key":198,"_type":43,"marks":199,"text":200},"f4aa695142b6",[],"They help reduce exposure to extreme heat and the associated risks of dehydration and heat exhaustion.",[],{"_key":203,"_type":39,"children":204,"markDefs":209,"style":56},"b54c32e8ab93",[205],{"_key":206,"_type":43,"marks":207,"text":208},"c1cc83be9ac9",[],"Integrating vegetation, trees and natural soils helps reduce urban heat islands and supports biodiversity. These elements provide spaces for rest and shelter for people who cannot keep cool at home or are more exposed to high temperatures. ",[],{"_key":211,"_type":39,"children":212,"markDefs":217,"style":56},"a8e2f190327f",[213],{"_key":214,"_type":43,"marks":215,"text":216},"51a6bf63ce88",[],"Climate refuges become meeting places where people of different generations can rest, spend time together and share public space.",[],{"_key":219,"_type":39,"children":220,"markDefs":225,"style":96},"870ce51bdf2c",[221],{"_key":222,"_type":43,"marks":223,"text":224},"8f75ad70d770",[],"How can you create an outdoor climate refuges?",[],{"_key":227,"_type":39,"children":228,"markDefs":233,"style":56},"b2c626ccf2d1",[229],{"_key":230,"_type":43,"marks":231,"text":232},"1c7ff765b72f",[],"Every city has its own characteristics. Even so, some fundamental principles can help create these spaces:",[],{"_key":235,"_type":39,"children":236,"level":120,"listItem":241,"markDefs":242,"style":56},"b081799e7414",[237],{"_key":238,"_type":43,"marks":239,"text":240},"48866ed9700f",[],"Shade: prioritise planting, such as deciduous trees with broad canopies, and supplement it with pergolas. Ensure ample shade.","number",[],{"_key":244,"_type":39,"children":245,"level":120,"listItem":241,"markDefs":250,"style":56},"021f5e5f7b44",[246],{"_key":247,"_type":43,"marks":248,"text":249},"6b75a6b448c6",[],"Integrate water: fountains and drinking fountains provide access to drinking water and make hot days more comfortable. Water needs to be treated as part of public space.",[],{"_key":252,"_type":39,"children":253,"level":120,"listItem":241,"markDefs":258,"style":56},"c7239812153d",[254],{"_key":255,"_type":43,"marks":256,"text":257},"7bbcf91b2bac",[],"Make use of natural ventilation: the layout of spaces and placement of plants can help air circulate. This creates cooler, more comfortable areas.",[],{"_key":260,"_type":39,"children":261,"level":120,"listItem":241,"markDefs":266,"style":56},"e1638c8d6dc2",[262],{"_key":263,"_type":43,"marks":264,"text":265},"ac468fad750c",[],"Ensure comfort: add benches and sun loungers, positioned to make the most of shade, airflow, and proximity to water. ",[],{"_key":268,"_type":39,"children":269,"level":120,"listItem":241,"markDefs":274,"style":56},"63867763ca33",[270],{"_key":271,"_type":43,"marks":272,"text":273},"80da750a8b35",[],"Easy access: providing accessible paths and equipment designed for people with different needs is essential. A climate shelter should be a place everyone can reach, spend time in, and feel comfortable.",[],{"_key":276,"_type":39,"children":277,"markDefs":282,"style":96},"a0be183b808a",[278],{"_key":279,"_type":43,"marks":280,"text":281},"3ea15684dbc9",[],"Cities ready to live",[],{"_key":284,"_type":39,"children":285,"markDefs":290,"style":56},"9c8cdd597613",[286],{"_key":287,"_type":43,"marks":288,"text":289},"3a6654d7e19c",[],"Climate refuges show that adapting cities to climate change does not depend solely on major construction projects or investments that take time to deliver. Often, simple features such as a tree, a shaded bench, a drinking fountain or a pergola make a difference to daily life.",[],{"_key":292,"_type":39,"children":293,"markDefs":298,"style":56},"4fed0af7e8a4",[294],{"_key":295,"_type":43,"marks":296,"text":297},"0866d527c00f",[],"The challenge is to consider these elements together and create more comfortable, inclusive public spaces that are ready for the future: urban oases.",[],{"_key":300,"_type":39,"children":301,"markDefs":305,"style":56},"51f92f477c06",[302],{"_key":303,"_type":43,"marks":304,"text":54},"3d761efa3c4a",[],[],{"_key":307,"_type":39,"children":308,"markDefs":313,"style":56},"3172f1adc5b3",[309],{"_key":310,"_type":43,"marks":311,"text":312},"b121a0c62527",[],"Protecting people from heat is not enough. We must also continue to create cities where people want to spend time.",[],{"_key":315,"_type":39,"children":316,"markDefs":322,"style":56},"58809209d1e4",[317],{"_key":318,"_type":43,"marks":319,"text":321},"064acd55be2a",[320],"strong","Floema. Made for Life.",[]]